Category: sustainability

urban ruins and the High Line next door

Posted by – May 24, 2013

highlinenextdr_ChuckWolfe

At a luncheon this week for the Urban Land Institute’s local sponsors, guest speaker — and Seattle restaurateur — Tom Douglas toyed with the idea of abandoning the Seattle monorail. The move, he explained, would save the cost of future maintenance and repair, and (even better) the monorail track could be replaced with a walkable, elevated green space in the spirit of the High Line, New York City’s much-touted elevated railway-turned-park. In the Tom Douglas version restaurants would, of course, line the old tracks — perhaps, even in the abandoned monorail cars themselves.

It was great to see such a vaunted entrepreneur join the ranks of urbanophiles out to remake ruins — in this case, a ruin that does not yet exist, and on such a grand and provocative scale. But our interest in this subject does not need celebrity validation, and the vision need not be as grand as Douglas’s.

…….

Today’s post continues as an exclusive entry at Crosscut. For the remainder, click here .  Parts of this post are adapted from Urbanism Without Effortan e-book from Island Press, and based on ideas first presented in The Atlantic Cities.

Image composed by the author.


understanding cities through urban diaries

Posted by – May 17, 2013

LisbonDiary_chuckwolfe

Reading the City,” the late 2012 column from urbanist Allison Arieff, is stuck in my head.

Arieff’s year-end piece for The New York Times described with style and subtle irony how she escaped a “smart city” conference in Barcelona, and explored the urban spaces around her, armed with only a conventional map. She ended her column with a recommended reading list of books that tell stories about cities. The kind of stories that happen outside of conference halls — experiential, first-hand stories.

…….

Today’s post continues as an exclusive entry at Crosscut. For the remainder, click here.

Image composed by the author.

 


Urbanism Without Effort, the first week

Posted by – May 10, 2013

Thanks to Island Press, readers, colleagues and friends for the support during the first week of the Urbanism Without Effort launch.

The response through online vendors–especially Amazon rankings–suggests that a long-form version of the myurbanist approach has merit, and was, perhaps, long overdue.  And for those who have already downloaded, enhancements are coming, free of charge!

The Urbanism Without Effort web page is a one-stop venue about the book, related media and appearances. The summary below appears on the site’s Media page, and is current as of today.

The following 2013 articles and reviews reference Urbanism Without Effort:

Ronald Holden, “Chuck Wolfe’s urban manifesto“, Cornichon

ULI-Northwest Blog Entry on Book Launch Event (with downloadable Powerpoint presentation)

Roger Valdez. “Urbanism Without Effort? Let It Be!“, Seattle’s Land Use Code

Planetizen, “The Dynamic Potential of Urbanism Without Effort“, Planetizen

Miriam Axel-Lute. “Where Community is at Work Making Itself“, Shelterforce

Juan Carlos Garcia de los Reyes, “Urbanismo Sin Efuerzo“, La Cuidad Comprometida, Granada, Spain

Kaid Benfield, “How City Lights Change the Way We Experience Places“, NRDC Switchboard

 

The following representative 2013 articles by the Author reference Urbanism Without Effort:

Alley Movie Nights: Can you say urbanism without effort?“, Crosscut

The Dynamic Potential of Urbanism Without Effort“, The Atlantic Cities

Picturing 10 Qualities Every City Should Have“, The Atlantic Cities

Picturing 10 Urban Qualities Central to Every City“, Crosscut

Reclaiming the Urban Memory“, Sustainable Cities Collective

Movement and Settlement, Upside Down“, The Huffington Post


Urbanism Without Effort, coming soon…

Posted by – April 9, 2013

Last year, I began work on my book, Urbanism Without Effort (Island Press, 2013), motivated by ideas I first presented in a short article here in myurbanist and in the digital edition of The Atlantic, here.

In the process of writing, the ideas evolved, as partially captured in the book’s subtitle, “Reconnecting With First Principles of the City”. Central to the book is the role of imagery, the urban diary concept, as well as other concepts first referenced in myurbanist and related articles in several publications.  

I have many goals for the book, keeping mind the countless preexisting books, essays and new media that already characterize people and place from different perspectives.  My central goal is to complement the vast role of precedent, and to help people see for themselves the richness of urban history and potential amid the challenges and opportunities encountering cities today.

Courtney Lix, Associate Editor at Island Press, played a key role in helping several blog-based notions combine and mature into another, more organized medium.

The book is slated for release in electronic form later this month. The associated writing, rewriting, photography and follow-up certainly explain the irregular timing of myurbanist entries for the past year. Thanks to readers for standing by!

See below for the flyer, which provides more detail. Watch the Island Press website, here, for the latest!

Wolfe_UrbanismWithoutEffort


nine lessons learned from the landscape of Iceland

Posted by – February 23, 2013

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I believe in the value of visiting contrasting places–divorced from the familiar—in order to read landscapes of shelter, wheels, weather, landforms and light. From these observations, our urban dialogues gain their basis, and to my mind, their sustenance.

I like to bring this purposeful travel home, first, for visual inspiration, and second, to inform professional practice regarding settlements and cities. I found fodder for both a few days ago in Iceland, amid a basalt terrain of lava fields seemingly created only yesterday, among contemporary accounts of renewable energy and epic stories of settlement dating back little more than a thousand years.

In Icelandic landscapes, in small towns, and in the resurgent capital city of Reykjavik, are scenes and stories that transcend nature, culture and the built environment. In the imagery of such places, we see scaled expressions of urban settlement and transport, both past and present, including dramatic examples of human interactions with the raw elements of nature.

Others have described how the legendary sagas that help define the country’s national identity largely lack a description of visual surroundings, but rather center on elements of humanity and survival. As a modern supplement, here is my more image-oriented summary of lessons learned from Iceland’s interplay of the natural and built environments, including human capacity to adapt to the opportunities and constraints of place.

1.  Measure urban sustainability by clarity of the sky at night

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The legendary Northern Lights dominate the evening. Why not use clarity of the night sky as a new measure of city sustainability?

2.  Encourage minimalism that blends with surrounding nature

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A small church and outbuilding on the Snæfellsnes peninsula honor natural surroundings with simplicity and scale.

3.  Allow fusion businesses and food trucks in an urban setting

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A branch of Copenhagen’s cutting edge Laundromat Cafe and a contemporary food truck show Reykjavik as consistent with worldwide urbanist trends.

4.  Provide street retail integrated with sidewalk life

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Streetside shopping activates the sidewalk in Reykjavik.

5.  Use building color to make a statement in all seasons

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In Stykkishólmur, an iconic red offsets winter weather.

6.  Champion practical building materials consistent with tradition

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Where native trees are scarce and light is variable (short in winter, long in summer), color and corrugated iron cladding have replaced turf, stone and concrete as dominant building features in Reykjavik.

7.  Employ simple materials for monuments, blended with surroundings

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In Borgarnes, a symbol of human significance echoes surrounding nature.

8.  Foster the interaction of urban fabric with an iconic city pond

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In Reykjavik, the historic town and a modern city hall frame Tjörnin, the best-known small waterbody in Iceland.

9.  Recall the contrast of the man-made with landscape and clouds

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Throughout the country, unrivaled cloud formations offset paving and structure.

To fully understand cites, I believe we should return to places where human settlement still stands in awe of larger forces, and to view the nascent built environment with discernment and care. For me, last week’s fundamental journey to Iceland, largely beyond the echo chambers of placemaking and policy, was a primer on the very underpinnings of human movement, settlement and consequent urbanization.

To supplement this limited introduction to Iceland’s sense of place, I urge readers to consult a wealth of available information about other, equally relevant aspects of the country, such as an atmosphere nearly free of pollutants and the successes of sustainable geothermal energy—not to mention the long, dramatic history of colonization, postwar independence, emergence from poverty and contemporary reinvention after the 2008 financial crisis (symbolized by the remarkable success of Reykjavik’s unique Mayor, Jón Gnarr).

This post first appeared in similar form at The Atlantic Cities, here.

Thanks particularly to Mark Johnson of Civitas, whose proud Icelandic heritage gave me a crash course in Iceland that fostered a much keener eye.

Images composed by the author in Iceland. Click on each image for more detail. © 2009-2013 myurbanist. All Rights Reserved. Do not copy.


realigning nature and the city, coyote style

Posted by – February 12, 2013

CoyoteVenue_ChuckWolfe

Successful integration of nature and the city is a hallmark of sustainability. Sometimes it occurs without effort or provocation, while other times it results from  projects or plans. In both instances, the natural and artificial merge, morph and redefine urban reality going forward.

Last week, on a Seattle winter evening, my dog and I stood at a neighborhood street corner in a spontaneous meeting with an urban coyote who, for several moments, owned my neighborhood pavement with conviction. Upon our rounding a corner and coming face-to-face, the  coyote cast a long stare (with those “I am not a pet” eyes I once saw in Africa), turned around, and moved on.  For this feral, walkable urbanist, the city sidewalk was clearly as customary a migration route as wooded paths or the open plain.

Several recent articles address the growing presence of coyotes in urban areas as an indicator of changing relationships between the city and larger, surrounding ecosystems.  Whether considered pests or admirable interlopers, they are increasingly sharing (PDF) our places and spaces.

A landscape architect friend explained this integration as a merger of surrounding nature with urban culture and physical form, two things that need not be as distinct as we might expect.  In my recent experience, no longer separate from the city, an animal corridor aligned with the sidewalk, a mainstay of  urban transportation.  I saw a spontaneous integration of nature and the city without any “urban sustainability plan” in place to allow indigenous wildlife safe passage on city streets.

This “city in nature” is not the same as calculated insertions of “nature in the city”, where artificial edifices are more systematically undone and replaced with fundamental green.  I recently saw a good example of the latter across the world, while touring the Madrid Rio Project (PDF) by bicycle. This large-scale linear park was built as the M-30 motorway relocated within a submerged tunnel, allowing for restoration of the Manzanares River above.

RioRamp1_ChuckWolfe RioRamp2_ChuckWolfe

There, I spoke with another landscape architect about what it means to reprogram places from built to natural. In particular, we discussed a former motorway ramp (shown here) that now displays greened pedestrian space imposed on the former roadway, complemented by its  elegant (and once autocentric) river-hugging form and artful curve.  He explained the approach: At core, there is nothing natural in the city, he said, and anything we can do that resonates with the public and creates a sustainable result, is defensible, proper and legitimate.

Through the experiences described here, and the respective views of the two landscape architects, I’ve learned more than expected about the ways urban and natural systems can merge and redefine.  Whether nature embraces the city by coyote habitat adopting urban infrastructure, or a project brings back nature to the city, such as in Madrid, there are some common themes to consider.

  • Few themes are more basic than the intersection of nature and the urban environment.
  • This theme is  elemental to urban ecologists and landscape architects as well, to whom habitat restoration can play a key project role.
  • As championed by Harvard Professor Joan Busquets, the most sustainable cities integrate natural geography and systems into the urban fabric.
  • The first landscape architect is right in his observation that nature, culture and physical form–once separated, now more easily merge.
  • The second landscape architect is also right; multiple approaches exist to introduce the natural to the built environments, and  innovation that resonates—from greened ramps to restored beaches to vertical gardens—need not honor authenticity or precedent if done sustainably.

In the end, watching the coyote’s use of the sidewalk also taught me that while there is arguably nothing natural in the constructed city, the proposition has its exceptions, or compromises. For instance, in addition to common advice about coexistence with urban coyotes—such as protecting small pets at night, there is a larger issue at play:  From multiple perspectives, the role of nature and the city will continue to realign.

In fact, before too long, our cities’ versions of Madrid’s green, repurposed motorway ramp  may have some non-human users along the way.

All images composed by the author in Seattle and Madrid. Click on each image for more detail. © 2009-2013 myurbanist. All Rights Reserved. Do not copy.

Today’s post first appeared in similar form in THe Atlantic Cities, here.


picturing ten urban qualities we deserve to see more

Posted by – January 29, 2013

Integrated4enduser_ChuckWolfeIn recent months, architect friends have explained how several post-Recesssion projects focus sustainability goals on the end-user experience, rather than simply pursue  flagship “green” designations. It seems there is a commendable and renewed emphasis on the particular needs of building use, and, significantly,  the specifics of  a building user’s relationship to the surrounding urban area.

I see this as a tilt to the qualitative aspects of the urban experience—an approach I believe should stay as a lynchpin of evolving urbanism.

I find that when writing outside of the confines of my “day job” as a lawyer, I usually pursue these qualitative aspects.  I like to emphasize the impressionistic and, essentially more etherial, emotional “bookmarks” of experiences in cities around the world.  By and large, these bookmarks recall modern expressions of traditional urban life. Together, they are a useful summary of evolving human experience in the city.

As background to work on my forthcoming book, I itemized and illustrated several of these more qualitative bookmarks while traveling last year.  Here is the result, combined with learning from earlier travels, and framed, as “ten urban qualities we need to see more”.

Spontaneous competition in simple places

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The aspects of the city that avoid rigid regularity are among the most interesting and memorable. Here, an empty storefront provides the stage for competing glass providers to advertise with several different labels. Commercial needs drive unpredictable results in even the simplest of situations.

Signage with a direct message 

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Commercial signage also provides a prime venue for urban observations. When such signage carries a lifestyle or political message in direct form, the purpose of the associated business is clear. In this urban place, living animals prevail, without question.

Wood-framed storefronts and proud displays

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Natural building materials give an organic sense of invitation to an otherwise ordinary world of metal and cement. While not possible in all climates, and demanding of maintenance, wood-framed retail establishments punctuate their surroundings. Passersby are often drawn to these exteriors based on variety, color and well-presented merchandise within.

Water features that emulate nature, in context

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While not always allowable for health and safety reasons, water features in the public domain emulate spontaneous puddles, pools and streams of urban times gone by. Just as sidewalk tables or benches give a human scale to the street, careful placement of water complements greenery and presents the unexpected. There are lessons learned from such small-scale improvements, especially if they are linked together in a restored natural system, or meet a dual aesthetic and drainage purpose.

Classy blokes in front of classy places

UpstairsBar_ChuckWolfe

“Third places” with character, such as local bars, are nothing new. Rather than mandate all alcohol consumption occur within, outdoor customers can provide ambiance and interface with daily life. Such street interface need not be uncivil, and, in this case, resounds with local character.

Commercial porches, with color and vantage points to the street

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Some parts of the world present traditional architectural styles that mix commercial and residential uses, and offer “eyes on the street” from open verandas above. This is a logical, and not artificially segregated approach to neighborhood. Rich color often enhances such traditional building form.

Spectacular examples of shopping tradition

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Debates about density often lack a rich visual record of active, close-knit community. In this case, a shopping day crowd fills city spaces in a comfortable way, consistent with local culture. While not adaptable to all cities without permanent or scheduled pedestrian uses of rights-of-way, this example shows dynamic potential of which many are not otherwise aware.

Young children in open squares

PublicSquare_ChuckWolfe

One of the universal aspects of safe urban open space is a place for children to explore at more than arm’s length from parents or family. The most simple human experience, such as viewing a shadow, also becomes touching theater to nearby observers. This photograph is a challenge and a test–can children safely act the same way near where you live?

Culturally indigenous engravings in the built environment

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Another universal and traditional pattern is for the built environment to reflect important cultural aspects of its builders. In Portugal, a common feature of public squares reflects the ocean, is important to a historically seafaring people, and walking produces a feeling of the rolling sea. Have we lost unity of purpose that such places can no longer be built?

Merger of family and business in fundamental ways

FamilyBusiness_ChuckWolfe

Here, family and small city roadside business merge with indescribable precision, reminding us of fundamentals we should not forget. Commercial transactions and family purpose were once commonplace. The evolving city, with increasing mixed uses and work close to home, might learn from images such as this one.

All images composed by the author in the United States, Australia, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Malta and Tanzania. Click on each image for more detail. © 2009-2013 myurbanist. All Rights Reserved. Do not copy.

This post first appeared in The Atlantic Cities in similar form. Click here.